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alpha lipoic acid
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Diabetes mellitus, which is a complication of obesity, can activate satellite glial cells of the supracervical ganglia through P2Y receptors, resulting in increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, and causing oxidative damage to the autonomic nerves such as via an inflammatory response (111, 112) ( Figure 2 )
Although the exact neurophysiological mechanisms and resultant behavioral effects of ctDCS are not yet fully understood, we are making strides towards this through combining anodal stimulation paradigms with slice electrophysiology, eyeblink conditioning, and paired association studies to better understand cerebellar function, brain connectivity, and behavioral outcomes